Heute, am 31. März, erinnern wir an die Märtyrer unter den friedlichen Muslimen Aserbaidschans, die 1918 von den Bolschewiki und den armenischen Dashnak -Banden einer Massenexteration ausgesetzt waren.
Das Konzept des Genens der Muslime Aserbaidschans umfasst das März -Massaker in Baku, die Massaker in Quba, angeführt von Amazasp, und die Zerstörung von Siedlungen in Zangezur, Karabach, Shamakhi, Lankaran und anderen Regionen. Es gibt kaum eine Familie in Aserbaidschan, deren persönliche Geschichte die Narben dieser blutigen Ereignisse von 1918 nicht trägt.
Es ist wichtig zu beachten, dass die Massaker speziell auf die muslimische Gemeinschaft abzielten. Die Identifizierung von Opfern und Studien zum kollektiven Gedächtnis zeigt, dass die Opfer der armenisch-bolschewistischen Banden Aserbaidschanis, Lezgins, Kurds, Tats, Talysh und andere Brüder umfassten.
Diese tragischen Ereignisse wurden zu einem Katalysator für die Vereinigung von Muslimen im Kaukasus gegen eine gemeinsame Bedrohung. Diese Einheit in Gedanken und Handlungen führte später in schwierigen Zeiten in schwierige Zeiten in gegenseitige Hilfe mit den Bergsteigern des Nordkaukasus. Eine Erinnerung daran ist Imam Gotsinskys Marsch, um die Muslime von Baku und die Bildung von APR (aserbaidschanische Volksrepublik) zu unterstützen, um die Bergrepublik bei der Abwehr des bolschewistischen Angriffs zu unterstützen.
Diese Fragmente unserer gemeinsamen Geschichte sollten als Grundlage für die Förderung des gegenseitigen Respekts und der Bruderschaft unter den Muslimen der Region und nicht für Jahiliyyah, die gegenseitige Feindseligkeit oder die Behauptung der mythologisierten ethnischen Überlegenheit dienen.
Möge Allah den Seelen unserer gefallenen Brüder und Schwestern Frieden gewähren. Vergessen Sie nicht, sich heute in Ihren Gebeten an sie zu erinnern.
(Zusätzliche Informationen werden in Kommentaren gegeben)
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Von Ele_Bele
6 Kommentare
31 mart 1918. Bir Soyqırımınin zirvəsi.
1918-ci il martın sonlarına yaxın solçu bolşeviklər erməni millətçilər daşnaklar ilə birlikdə Azərbaycanda yerli əhaliyə qarşı soyqırımına başladılar.
Azərbaycan müsəlmanlarının məruz qaldıqları soyqırımına təkcə Bakıda mart qırğını deyil, həm də erməni Amazaspın Qubada törətdiyi qırğınlar, Zəngəzurda, Qarabağda, Şamaxıda, Lənkəranda və bir çox digər bölgələrdə müsəlman kəndlərinin dağıdılması da daxildir. 1918-ci ilin qanlı günləri demək olar ki, hər bir azərbaycanlı ailəsinin yaddaşında dərin izlər qoyub.
Şahidlər və tarixi sənədlər aydın şəkildə göstərir ki, erməni-bolşevik quldur dəstələrinin qurbanları arasında təkcə Azərbaycan türkləri deyil, ləzgilər, tatlar, talışlar və digər Qafqaz müsəlmanları da olub.
Bu qırğından təxminən iki ay sonra Azərbaycan Milli Şurası müstəqil “Azərbaycan Xalq Cümhuriyyəti”ni elan etmişdir.
Uca Allah şəhidlərimizə rəhmət eləsin. Dualarınızda onları xatırlamağı unutmayın.
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On the Massacre of Muslims in the Quba District, April 1918:
In April 1918, Bolshevik David Gelovani entered the city of Quba with 187 soldiers. He gathered the population in the city center and demanded their open loyalty to Soviet rule in Baku. A few days later, armed Lezgins from neighboring mountain villages entered the city and demanded that the Bolsheviks either leave immediately or surrender. When Gelovani refused, street battles broke out for several days. A military detachment with artillery and machine guns was sent from Baku to reinforce him. However, the Lezgins gained the upper hand, forcing Gelovani to retreat. Almost all Armenians living in Quba fled with the retreating forces, fearing reprisals.
At the end of April, a large Armenian military force of 2,000 soldiers, led by Colonel Amazasp and Bolshevik Commissar Venoontz, marched from Baku toward Quba. Amazasp was carrying out the orders of Shaumyan and Military Commissar Korganov—to „teach the counterrevolution a lesson.“ Upon entering the city, he clearly stated his intentions. Calling himself the „hero of the Armenian people and defender of their interests,“ he declared that he had come to „avenge the Armenians killed here two weeks earlier.“ He announced that he had been ordered to „destroy all Muslims from the shores of the Caspian Sea to Shahdag.“
The massacres began immediately. Armenian soldiers killed every Muslim they encountered on the streets, then stormed homes and slaughtered entire families. Horrifying scenes unfolded: children were shot, babies were beheaded, men were disemboweled and had their eyes gouged out. Women were raped in front of their husbands, and many were burned alive in their homes. The soldiers looted houses, throwing possessions into the streets and distributing valuables among themselves. In a single day, 2,000 residents of Quba were killed, and 150 houses in the city center were destroyed. As Amazasp’s regiment marched back toward Baku, it continued its campaign of destruction—burning 122 villages in the Quba region and executing peasants who greeted them with white flags.
— Jörg Baberowski (2003): The Enemy Is Everywhere. Stalinism in the Caucasus.
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Jörg Baberowski on the Massacre of Muslims in Baku and Shamakhi in March-April 1918:
In March 1918, the Bolsheviks finally had the opportunity to seize full power in Baku, as the majority in the Soviet had not yet ensured their complete control. However, to succeed in the coup, they needed to suppress the claims to power by the Musavatists, relying on the support of the Armenian national movement. In the Soviet Union’s revised history, the Bolshevik coup was glorified as an action against the so-called Muslim reaction, allegedly protecting the local population from the scourge of Turkic nationalism. The „March Uprising“ of the Musavat Party became the foundation of the myth surrounding the establishment of the Baku Commune, where revolution was portrayed as a heroic struggle between good and the “Asian” barbarism of evil.
On the morning of March 31, a demonstration of Muslims protesting the Soviet’s decision took place in central Baku. In Surakhany and Balakhany, violence erupted between Muslim workers and soldiers stationed to guard the oil fields.
On Shemakha Street in central Baku, fatal events began. A shootout broke out between Muslim demonstrators and Russian soldiers. The Bolsheviks used this as an excuse to ignite a civil war in the city. Warships in the Caspian Sea bombarded the old city and Muslim quarters of Baku with heavy artillery. Airplanes dropped bombs indiscriminately on homes and people. Many city palaces belonging to wealthy Muslim merchants were burned down as a result of the shelling.
In the afternoon, representatives of the main Muslim organizations in the city signed the terms of surrender dictated by the Soviet, in the presence of the Persian consul. These terms forced the Musavatists to recognize Soviet power and dissolve all Muslim military formations.
Terror against civilians began immediately after the signing ceremony. Red Guard detachments moved through Nikolaevskaya and Bazarnaya Streets toward the southern part of the city, setting fire to significant buildings of the Muslim community, including prayer houses, merchant mansions, and the Ismailiyya Society building. On April 1, Armenian units joined the military actions. For two days, massacres and looting took place in the Muslim quarters of the city. Soldiers under Colonel Amazasp raped, mutilated, and killed people in the streets. On April 2, the Muslim neighborhoods above the city center were engulfed in flames. People fled their burning homes in panic, seeking refuge in the outskirts of Baku. Lawyer Baikov, who was in the city at the time, recalled that for four days, Baku was in a state of „absolute hell.“
Shaumyan reported to the Soviet of People’s Commissars in Moscow that 3,000 people were killed during the military operation. He wrote about the „brilliant results“ of the battles and the „complete destruction of the enemy.“ The number of Muslim victims was likely much higher than what the Bolsheviks admitted.
The revolutionary troops were 70% Armenian and carried out brutal pogroms in the name of the commune. Shaumyan openly admitted that the revolution could only succeed as an Armenian uprising against Muslims.
In the Shamakhi region, pogroms had already begun in mid-March, when a 3,000-strong Armenian unit from Baku, led by Stepan Lalaev, launched a terror campaign in the region. Shamakhi as a settlement ceased to exist—only the ruins of an Orthodox church remained as a reminder that there was once a city there. Its residents (about 30,000 people) were brutally killed or expelled. One eyewitness later recalled that Shamakhi had turned into a vast „cemetery.“ Atrocities were committed in the city that left a deep mark on the survivors‘ memories. The drunken soldiers of Dashnak officer Stepan Lalaev killed children and the elderly, raped women and threw them off balconies, cut off people’s genitals, and gouged out their eyes. Many women and children sought refuge in the city’s mosques. However, the soldiers set fire to the houses of worship, and the refugees burned alive inside them.
– Jörg Baberowski (2003): The Enemy Is Everywhere. Stalinism in the Caucasus.
Long Live the Azerbaijan!
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