
A große Studie, die dieses Jahr veröffentlicht wurde in Nature Medicine kombinierte 11 unabhängige Neuroimaging-Datensätze zu DMT, Psilocybin, LSD, Meskalin und Ayahuasca bei 267 Teilnehmern und über 500 Gehirnscansitzungen. Das klarste gemeinsame Ergebnis ist, dass alle diese Verbindungen die Konnektivität zwischen Gehirnnetzwerken höherer Ebenen (Standardmodus, frontoparietal) und sensorischen Netzwerken (visuell, somatomotorisch) erhöhten. Bisher ist es eines der umfassendsten Bilder, die wir darüber haben, welche Auswirkungen Psychedelika auf die Funktion der Gehirnschaltkreise haben.
Das Interessante daran ist, dass unser Gehirn bereits über die enzymatische Maschinerie verfügt, um DMT selbst zu produzieren. Die Enzyme INMT und AADC wurden im menschlichen Gehirngewebe identifiziert und Spuren von DMT wurden in der Gehirn-Rückenmarks-Flüssigkeit nachgewiesen. Wenn exogenes DMT die Gehirnkonnektivität auf die in der Nature Medicine-Studie dokumentierte dramatische Weise neu verdrahtet, was bewirkt dann endogenes DMT bei niedrigeren Konzentrationen?
Ein Forschungsteam versucht dies herauszufinden, indem es gleichzeitig fMRT und EEG verwendet, um Menschen zu scannen und nach unterschiedlichen neuronalen Konnektivitätsmustern zu suchen "Gehirnbiotypen," die mit der endogenen DMT-Aktivität korrelieren. Die Hypothese ist, dass Menschen mit unterschiedlichem Niveau der natürlichen DMT-Synthese zu Studienbeginn messbar unterschiedliche Gehirnarchitekturen haben könnten. Anstatt also die Gewebekonzentrationen zu messen (was in allen Laboren zu unterschiedlichen Ergebnissen geführt hat), besteht der Ansatz darin, die funktionelle Ausgabe zu betrachten. Wenn endogenes DMT von Bedeutung ist, sollte es eine erkennbare Signatur in der Art und Weise hinterlassen, wie das Gehirn seine Netzwerke organisiert.
https://www.researchhub.com/proposal/4248/defining-endogenous-dmt-brain-biotypes-a-multi-modal-neuroimaging-study
1 Kommentar
This post blends legitimate neuroscience with a fairly enthusiastic dose of speculation. The first part is broadly sound: modern neuroimaging studies using psychedelics such as LSD, psilocybin, DMT, mescaline, and ayahuasca do show changes in large-scale brain connectivity. A recurring finding is that networks which are normally relatively compartmentalised begin communicating more freely, while structures such as the default mode network, which is associated with internally directed thought and self-referential processing, become less rigidly organised. That part is well supported.
Where what the author is saying becomes much less certain is the leap from externally administered DMT to the brain’s own naturally occurring DMT. Those are not equivalent situations. Exogenous DMT, taken as a drug, produces pharmacological concentrations that strongly activate serotonin receptors, particularly 5-HT2A receptors, which are heavily implicated in psychedelic effects. Endogenous DMT, assuming it does have a normal physiological role, appears to exist in vastly smaller quantities. Biology is not simply “same molecule equals same effect, just less of it.” Dose, receptor occupancy, metabolism, location of production, timing, and local concentration all matter enormously. A trace amount of a signalling molecule can be profoundly important, but equally it may have a very different role entirely from what happens when the system is pharmacologically flooded.
It is true that humans appear capable of synthesising DMT. The enzymatic machinery required, particularly indolethylamine N-methyltransferase (INMT), has been identified in human tissues, and trace DMT has been reported in cerebrospinal fluid and elsewhere. But that only tells us the molecule exists. It does not tell us what it is doing, whether it acts as a significant neurotransmitter, whether its concentrations ever rise enough to meaningfully alter conscious experience, or whether it has some entirely different biochemical role. Detecting a compound is not the same as proving functional importance.
The suggestion that people with different endogenous DMT production might show measurably different baseline brain architectures is scientifically interesting, but currently speculative. Brain connectivity is influenced by an enormous number of variables: genetics, development, age, sleep quality, stress hormones, inflammation, medications, psychiatric state, stimulant use, and even ordinary day-to-day fluctuations in arousal. Isolating endogenous DMT as a causal factor among all of that would be extremely difficult. Even if a correlation were found, correlation is not causation. A distinct brain connectivity pattern associated with some biomarker does not automatically mean DMT created that pattern.
A fair summary would be to say the psychedelic neuroimaging research is real and genuinely interesting. The idea that endogenous DMT might play some subtle role in brain function is a legitimate research question. But the authors framing overstates what is currently known. It is firmly in “interesting hypothesis under investigation,” not “established mechanism explaining normal consciousness.”