Eine britische Studie mit 30.920 Jugendlichen im Alter von 12 bis 15 Jahren kommt zu dem Ergebnis, dass Gruppenzwang, Mobbing und emotionaler Stress den Substanzkonsum erhöhen, während starke familiäre Bindungen und die Zugehörigkeit zur Schule schützend wirken. Enge Freundschaften schützen nicht immer und können die Belastung durch Substanzkonsum erhöhen

Based on data from more than 30,000 pupils aged 12-15, the study provides one of the most comprehensive pictures to date of adolescent substance use in England, highlighting the importance of social, emotional and environmental influences.

**Key findings**

* Peer pressure, bullying and emotional difficulties are linked to higher substance use
* Strong relationships with parents and teachers, and a sense of school belonging, are protective
* Substance use increases with age, with alcohol the most commonly reported
* Close friendships are not always protective and may increase exposure to substance use
* Girls, LGBTQ+ young people and those from disadvantaged backgrounds report higher levels of use
* Differences between schools explain more variation than differences between neighbourhoods

[Substance-general and substance-specific influences on adolescent vaping, smoking, alcohol consumption, and illicit drug use: context, inequalities, and putative determinants – ScienceDirect](https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0955395926001246?via%3Dihub)