Spätantike
Han-Reich Römisches Reich Parthisches Reich
Frühmittelalter
Tang Emprie Abbasidisches Kalifat Byzantinisches Reich
Spätantike: Rom, China und Persien, die drei größten der Welt.
Frühes Mittelalter: Persien wird schwächer und wird von den Arabern erobert. Byzanz (hellenisiertes Rom) überlebt; China erlebt sein zweites goldenes Zeitalter.
Neuzeit: Rom verschwindet vollständig; Sowohl die Araber als auch die Perser stehen vor großen Herausforderungen; China erlangt sein internationales Ansehen wie die Han- und Tang-Staaten zurück.
Der tragischste Fall ist Rom. Das Römische Reich zerfiel schon früh; Das Weströmische Reich wurde im 4. Jahrhundert von germanischen Stämmen erobert und nie wiederbelebt.
Auch das Oströmische Reich wurde im 15. Jahrhundert von den Türken erobert und erholte sich nie wieder; Konstantinopel bleibt bis heute unter türkischer Besatzung.
Persien wurde fünfmal erobert: von den Arabern, den seldschukischen Türken, den Mongolen, Timur und Afghanistan.
Arab wurde dreimal erobert: von den Seldschuken, den Mongolen und den osmanischen Türken.
China wurde zweimal erobert: von den Mongolen und den Mandschus.
(Das gesamte Land wurde erobert, nicht nur teilweise besetzt.)
Ein entscheidender Grund dafür, dass China bis heute überlebt hat und eine Supermacht bleibt, ist, dass es relativ wenige Male vollständig erobert wurde; Das gesamte Land fiel nur zweimal unter Fremdherrschaft.
Im Gegensatz dazu wurden der Iran und die Araber, insbesondere der Iran, mindestens fünfmal vollständig erobert. Daher ist ihre aktuelle Situation relativ ungünstiger.
Aber die Araber und der Iran haben zumindest überlebt; Rom war wirklich und völlig tot. Nur seine geistlichen Erben blieben übrig.
Von Wise-Pineapple-4190
6 Kommentare
If a country has been completely conquered multiple times (entire country ruled by a foreign power, not just partially), its current situation is unlikely to be good; this is a generally accepted logic.
Ancient Iran used cuneiform script, but modern Iran uses Islamic script, essentially a consequence of being conquered and ruled by Arabs.
The Arabs were also completely ruled by the Turks and Mongols at least three times, resulting in their current state of fragmentation.
China is relatively better off among ancient civilizations. Only the Mongols and Manchus truly achieved complete dominance and occupation, and both were ultimately destroyed by the Chinese. Therefore, China has regained its status as a superpower.
But Rome is indeed the most tragic example. It fragmented prematurely, and after its two parts were conquered, it never revived…
Therefore, on the modern internet, you often see Europeans and even Latin Americans debating who the true successor to Rome was. Within Europe, there are also significant disputes among Northern Europeans, Western Europeans, and Southern Europeans. You might see an Englishman claiming to be the successor to the Roman Empire, only to be countered and refuted by a group of Southern Europeans.
Essentially, this stems from the fact that Rome did indeed die very early, thus sparking a huge controversy over its legacy.
I believe this is inextricably linked to the centralized system of government.
The Western Roman Empire was a loose alliance from its very early, and the Holy Roman Empire was even less of a true state (and was established by Germanic peoples).
From the Qin Dynasty (2200 years ago) to the current rule of the CCP, only the Chinese have maintained a highly centralized society for 2200 years.
Even during the Manchu and Mongol periods, or periods of division like the Three Kingdoms period, the regimes ruling this land were centralized.
This is also why the Manchus and Mongols ultimately failed and were destroyed; they could not assimilate the Chinese, were destroyed at the end of their reigns, and were even subjected to ethnic cleansing by the Chinese.
Centralization is the optimal system of governance; on the one hand, it promotes national identity; on the other hand, it greatly strengthens the power of the state and government.
Europe got hit badly by the 536AD event, just when things started looking up in some places
China suffered far less during that episode, went on to reunify in 589, and achieved new glory under the Tang Dynasty by 630
I seriously wish totalwar medieval 3 extends to far east.
Leaving India blank during this period is diabolical work 💀
Is the cream yellow color supposed to be the Kushan Empire of just Parthia at its greatest extent? If the latter, why cream and not a lighter shade of purple?
I would include Aksum (Ethiopia) as one of the great powers, too. The prophet Mani included them as one of the four great powers of late antiquity (alongside Rome, China, and Persia).