Ich versuche zu verstehen, warum die USA islamische Extremisten die Kontrolle über den ersten Afghanistan und jetzt Syrien übernehmen lassen. Es muss einen Grund dafür geben, da sie immer behaupteten, sie bekämpfen sie.
https://www.foreignaffairs.com/afghanistan/dont-repeat-syria-mistakes-afghanistan
2 Kommentare
In a sense, fighting and killing are the easy parts. Military goals can be clear and easily understood. But nation building is a whole different matter.
The only reasonable way for the US (or anyone) to control a country from outside is to install what would be a military/civil dictatorship or essentially a colonial government. The basic framework (or at least one of them that has a degree of proven merit) is building up institutional bodies, a legal system with autonomous judiciary, property and contract rights, civilian authority over the use of military power, a central elected legislative body, checks and balances on the government, civil agencies that administer banking, education, healthcare, welfare. Then the effort of connecting the country through an infrastructure of energy, transportation and housing. This comes along with building the basic economic infrastructure, finance, capital etc that allows citizens to engage efficiently in productive work.
This is an effort of many decades and many many billions of dollars. Even if the US or anyone else wants to change this, they would be accused of colonialism or worse while spending resources for the next 50 years. It is hardly a surprise that no one is now interested.
Internally, there is quite a lot lacking in Syria and Afghanistan (Syria is actually better off). Without a sense of nationhood and the ability to unite into governmental institutions and away from tribal allegiances, the effort of nation building through internal reform is very very difficult.
And all of this is just an internally focused perspective. The surrounding nations also can play a large destabilizing role. Without Iran and Russia, the Assad regime would have fallen. Iran and Pakistan are not exactly wanting Afghanistan to prosper either (especially in a Western aligned way).
I am not going to blame US on this entirely. In the post colonial world, its hard to form an identity as a nation state of sort. Nationalism works for some, certain others use civilizational identity then the rest have to use something to work as a nation…religion is their best bet.
US isn’t the only one who interfered in these countries, more and more successful democracies won’t be great for other regimes, they influenced them in opposite direction as well. A democratic Afghanistan for example would have automatically aligned with India diminshing any influence of others, Nation building takes 3-4 generations, USA doesn’t have that kind of time and money to pump into a country and it would be akin to occupation.