Auch die Tierwelt beobachtet uns – und ändert als Reaktion darauf ihr Verhalten

## SUMMARY

**TL;DR:** A Yale-led global study found that wildlife significantly alters its behavior not just due to habitat destruction, but also simply due to human presence — with conservation implications for how and when people use natural spaces.

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A large-scale study published in *Science*, led by researchers from Yale’s Center for Biodiversity and Global Change, reveals that human presence alone — separate from habitat destruction — meaningfully shapes wildlife behavior. The six-year project involved over 50 academic and governmental organizations worldwide.

Using GPS trackers, the team collected nearly 11.8 million location points from more than 4,500 individual animals across 37 species, including wolves, coyotes, deer, vultures, and ducks. Crucially, mobile phone data was used to estimate human presence, and COVID-19 lockdowns in 2019–2020 provided a natural experiment — allowing researchers to isolate the effect of human activity from longer-term landscape changes like urbanization.

Key findings include:

– **Over 65% of species** altered their behavior in response to human presence, with effects most pronounced in natural, less-developed settings.
– Species responded differently: gray wolves *expanded* their range to avoid people, ravens roamed more to exploit human-linked food sources, while coyotes *contracted* their movements.
– Individual animals showed year-to-year behavioral flexibility in response to shifting human activity patterns.

The researchers conclude that conservation strategies must go beyond protecting habitat — they should also account for *when and where* humans are physically present. Targeted measures like limiting traffic during sensitive periods or reducing disturbance in critical habitats could help wildlife and people better coexist.