Seit 10.000 Jahren essen Männer in Europa mehr Fleisch als Frauen. Die Studie untersuchte Isotope im menschlichen Knochen von 12.281 Erwachsenen aus 673 europäischen Standorten über einen Zeitraum von 10.000 Jahren.

Men have eaten more meat than women for 10,000 years in Europe

Access to nutritious food is a fundamental pillar of human success, but such access has been unequal throughout history. In pre-industrial European societies, meat was a highly sought-after food, and access to it was often related to a higher social status.

The ratios of carbon and nitrogen isotopes in human bone collagen can provide data about what a person ate. Nitrogen isotope ratios reflect the amount of meat a person ate, while carbon isotope ratios reveal what proportion of plants a person ate used the C4 carbon fixation photosynthesis pathway, from which one can infer how much low-status millet and variable-status marine foods a person may have consumed. However, comparing isotope ratios across sites is difficult; the use of manure fertilizer, varying climate conditions, and undernourishment can change the context in which raw values are interpreted. Rozenn Colleter, Michael P. Richards, and colleagues work around this constraint by using the interdecile ratio. The interdecile ratio compares the threshold above which the top 10% of values lie to the threshold below which the bottom 10% fall. The result is a measurement of how extreme inequality is—not local isotopic ratios themselves. Using this tool, the authors examined the proportion of male and female individuals in different deciles of consumption of meat and millet and/or marine foods for 12,281 adults from 673 European sites over a 10,000-year period. The authors find a persistent male bias in the highest meat consumption deciles in all eras. The first agricultural societies (Neolithic) were the most egalitarian, though they did exhibit significant gender disparities in access to animal proteins. According to the authors, the results underscore the persistent inequality of access to animal protein in Europe over the last 10,000 years. These inequalities may be rooted in food taboos, cosmological beliefs, misperceptions of women’s protein needs, or social norms that place men’s needs above those of women.

For those interested, here’s the link to the peer reviewed journal article:

https://academic.oup.com/pnasnexus/article/5/4/pgag033/8586686

I think the authors may be over-interpreting. They argue that men consistently ate more meat than women in Europe over the last 10,000 years and frame it as evidence of persistent gender inequality.

The problem is that this assumes cultural and gender norms stayed consistent across a huge span of time, from Mesolithic hunter-gatherers to early modern Europe. 

That’s 10 millennia of completely different societies, economies, religions, and social structures, it seems unlikely that norms alone could produce the exact same pattern across all of them.

Alternative explanations haven’t been fully considered. For example:

Men were generally bigger and more physically active, which could create a natural metabolic need for more protein.

There may have been pragmatic reasons for preferentially feeding men, e.g., in certain contexts male labour could have had outsized effects on group survival.

The isotope data show who ate more animal protein, but they don’t explain why, the pattern could arise from social rules, physiology, ecology, or some combination.

Basically, the paper demonstrates a clear male bias in meat consumption, but the claim that this is systemic gender inequality is plausible but far from proven, especially over such a long time span. There’s room for natural, practical, or otherwise adaptive explanations that the authors haven’t explored.

I mean we still do eat more

Sounds like a no-brainer.

Caught animal to bring back to the tribe, you might eat a piece of it on the way.

Preserved foods to carry on journeys are very good at their job when made of meat and fat

Hunter’s cut

And thats before talking about difference in caloric intake needs

This seems to replicate modern findings that women consistently have lower meat intake (I’m not just talking about vegans/vegetarians, but on average across the whole population). I think I’ve seen studies which find this pattern in almost every country in the world.

Seems pretty plausible to me its an evolved difference to cope with different nutrient requirements. It’d be interesting to see if people on taking HRT for testosterone report higher preference for meat.

Carol J. Adams had an excellent book on this: The Sexual Politics of Meat.