In der Politik definieren Forscher in der Regel den „Konservativismus“ als allgemeine Tendenz, Veränderungen zu widerstehen und soziale Ungleichheit zu tolerieren. „Liberalismus“ bedeutet eine Tendenz, Veränderungen anzunehmen und Ungleichheit abzulehnen. Die politischen Parteien entwickeln sich mit der Zeit-Demokraten waren die konservative Partei vor 150 Jahren-, aber die liberalkonservative Trennung ist in der Politik eines Landes in der Regel erkennbar. Es ist die Verwerfungslinie, in der die politische Zusammenarbeit am häufigsten zusammenbricht.
Psychologen haben lange vermutet, dass einige grundlegende Unterschiede in der Weltanschauung dem konservativ-liberalen Riss zugrunde liegen könnten. Vierzig Jahre Forschung haben gezeigt, dass Konservative die Welt im Durchschnitt als einen gefährlicheren Ort betrachten als Liberale. Dieser eine Glaube schien dazu zu helfen, viele amerikanische konservative Stanzen in politischen Meinungsverschiedenheiten wie die Unterstützung des Waffenbesitzes, die Grenzbeschäftigung und die verstärkte Ausgaben für Polizei und das Militär zu erklären.
Aber neue Forschungsergebnisse des Psychologen Nick Kerry und mich an der Universität von Pennsylvania widerspricht dieser langjährigen Theorie. Wir finden stattdessen, dass der Hauptunterschied zwischen links und rechts darin besteht, ob die Menschen glauben, dass die Welt von Natur aus hierarchisch ist. Konservative, wie unsere Arbeit zeigt, neigen dazu, in einer hierarchischen Welt stärker zu glauben als Liberale, was im Wesentlichen die Ansicht ist, dass das Universum ein Ort ist, an dem die Grenzen zwischen Kategorien oder Konzepten wichtig sind. Ein klareres Verständnis dieses Unterschieds könnte der Gesellschaft dazu beitragen, die politischen Unterschiede besser zu überbrücken.
https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/many-differences-between-liberals-and-conservatives-may-boil-down-to-one-belief/
12 Kommentare
The reality is that every country has liberals and conservatives and I would say that it is a natural state of society to have these forces interact and influence each other. The problem arise when one side become dominant and oppressive of the other.
We are supposed to have liberal movements to progress and allow a society to grow and advance human values. But we are also supposed to have conservative forces to preserve core social values and prevent revolutionary changes that cause social upheaval.
To me it just comes down to selfishness. Every single conservative i have ever met has been selfish. Almost every liberal I have met has not been selfish.
Research findings suggest that conservative political alignment stems from a complex interplay of biological predispositions, psychological needs, cognitive styles, and environmental factors rather than being purely a matter of rational choice or cultural learning alone.
That makes a lot of sense. Most of those artificial lines are exactly that, man-made. They don’t really reflect the true nature of the universe. I’d also add that scientific literacy plays a big role in shaping which side of the political spectrum people fall on.
I’m sceptical. I would ask the conservatives in r/AskConservatives to check that.
This tracks, I’ve been saying for years that conservatism is at its core a cowardly ideology.
The short version is that conservatives are more likely to view the world as inherently hierarchical. So they feel they have to both establish their dominant position and keep pushing “others” down so that they can’t threaten their position.
I guess another way to think of it is, conservatives are more likely to think that there have to be winners and losers, so they’re doing whatever they can to ensure they win AND other people lose. Because someone has to lose and they don’t want it to be them. You see this argument a lot with civil rights. They oppose gay marriage because they think it threatens traditional marriage. They can’t really envision that maybe it’s just fine and no one has to “lose” in order for someone to score a win.
The two are intertwined.
If you believe the world is naturally a rigid hierarchy, then you have a place in that hierarchy. If you let other people have anything, then they are chipping away at your place in the hierarchy.
If government policy lets „the others“ (minorities, gays, immigrants, whoever the enemy of the week is) get something, that means they are inherently robbing YOU. And thus, their very existence is a threat to you and your place in the hierarchy, leading us back to the „dangerous world“ viewpoint.
Everything is a zero sum game and everyone is out to get what you’ve got, except the people above you who are naturally better than you are.
I’ve always thought conservatives come from families where „Father knows best“ and everyone has to tip toe around the patriarch. Liberals come from families where fathers want everyone to grow up to make their own independent decisions.
I don’t know I had the feeling that if conservatives were fed facts instead of fear they may not find these things as important.
TL;DR: conservatives fail to recognize that the concept of hierarchy is a human mental construct. That’s why there are jagoffs in a different way from liberals. /s
I always thought it boiled down to:
Conservatives- „It’s about me“
Liberals-„It’s about all of us“