Dieses Foto wurde am 4. September 2024 aus der ISS erfasst, als sich der Mond in der Wachscrescent -Phase befand. Brefraktisches Licht bildete den bogenförmigen partiellen Mondhalo, der in der Nähe des Mondes sichtbar ist.

Image from here

[https://eol.jsc.nasa.gov/Collections/EarthObservatory/articles/AHaloAbovetheHorizon.htm](https://eol.jsc.nasa.gov/Collections/EarthObservatory/articles/AHaloAbovetheHorizon.htm)

Provided text

An astronaut aboard the International Space Station took this photo while orbiting over the Indian Ocean. The Earth appears black in the lower half of this image, mirroring the darkness of space above. [Atmospheric layers](https://eol.jsc.nasa.gov/scripts/Perl/Disclaimer.pl?URL=https://scied.ucar.edu/learning-zone/atmosphere/layers-earths-atmosphere) span the image, displaying a range of hues. The troposphere generally appears orange and red, the stratosphere is mostly white, and the mesosphere is shades of blue. The Moon, with a shimmering streak-like feature below it, is visible near the top atmospheric layers.

When this photograph was captured on September 4, 2024, the Moon was in the [waxing crescent](https://eol.jsc.nasa.gov/scripts/Perl/Disclaimer.pl?URL=https://lunaf.com/lunar-calendar/2024/09/04/) phase. During this phase, only a sliver of the Moon is illuminated by reflected sunlight, visible as the extra-bright white crescent on the Moon’s lower-right edge. Camera settings such as exposure, shutter speed, and aperture increased the visibility of the Moon in this image, giving the impression of a full Moon. [Another photo](https://eol.jsc.nasa.gov/SearchPhotos/photo.pl?mission=ISS071&roll=E&frame=609042) taken just before this one offers the same field of view, but different camera settings provide an image more similar to what human eyes would see.

At the time of this photo, the Moon was positioned behind Earth’s atmosphere relative to the space station. The atmosphere acts like a lens, bending light that passes through it and toward the astronaut’s camera, causing the Moon to appear [non-uniform](https://eol.jsc.nasa.gov/scripts/Perl/Disclaimer.pl?URL=https://www.planetary.org/space-images/a-squished-moon) in shape.

Bent, or [refracted](https://eol.jsc.nasa.gov/scripts/Perl/Disclaimer.pl?URL=https://www.sciencelearn.org.nz/resources/49-refraction-of-light), light also led to another optical phenomenon in this image. Water vapor that reaches high in the atmosphere can freeze onto tiny dust particles, generating ice crystals in the mesosphere. Light refracted by these ice crystals likely formed the arc-shaped partial lunar [halo](https://eol.jsc.nasa.gov/scripts/Perl/Disclaimer.pl?URL=https://weather.metoffice.gov.uk/learn-about/weather/optical-effects/haloes-and-coronas) visible near the Moon.

*Astronaut photograph* [*ISS071-E-609044*](https://eol.jsc.nasa.gov/SearchPhotos/photo.pl?mission=ISS071&roll=E&frame=609044) *was acquired on September 4, 2024, with a Nikon Z9 digital camera using a focal length of 200 millimeters.*